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GitHub GitHub-Advanced-Security Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 30
A secret scanning alert should be closed as "used in tests" when a secret is:
- A. Solely used for tests.
- B. Not a secret in the production environment.
- C. In the readme.md file.
- D. In a test file.
Answer: A
Explanation:
If a secret isintentionally used in a test environmentandposes no real-world security risk, you may close the alert with the reason"used in tests". This helps reduce noise and clarify that the alert was reviewed and accepted as non-critical.
Just being in a test file isn't enough unless itspurpose is purely for testing.
NEW QUESTION # 31
You are managing code scanning alerts for your repository. You receive an alert highlighting a problem with data flow. What do you click for additional context on the alert?
- A. Security
- B. Code scanning alerts
- C. Show paths
Answer: C
Explanation:
When dealing with a data flow issue in a code scanning alert, clicking on "Show paths" provides a detailed view of the data's journey through the code. This includes the source of the data, the path it takes, and where it ends up (the sink). This information is crucial for understanding how untrusted data might reach sensitive parts of your application and helps in identifying where to implement proper validation or sanitization.
NEW QUESTION # 32
You have enabled security updates for a repository. When does GitHub mark a Dependabot alert as resolved for that repository?
- A. When Dependabot creates a pull request to update dependencies
- B. When you dismiss the Dependabot alert
- C. When you merge a pull request that contains a security update
- D. When the pull request checks are successful
Answer: C
Explanation:
A Dependabot alert is marked asresolvedonly after the relatedpull request is mergedinto the repository. This indicates that the vulnerable dependency has been officially replaced with a secure version in the active codebase.
Simply generating a PR or passing checks does not change the alert status; merging is the key step.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Assuming that notification settings and Dependabot alert recipients have not been customized, which user account setting should you use to get an alert when a vulnerability is detected in one of your repositories?
- A. Enable all in existing repositories
- B. Enable all for Dependency graph
- C. Enable all for Dependabot alerts
- D. Enable by default for new public repositories
Answer: C
Explanation:
To ensure you're notified whenever a vulnerability is detected via Dependabot, you mustenablealerts for Dependabotin your personal notification settings. This applies to both new and existing repositories. It ensures you get timely alerts about security vulnerabilities.
The dependency graph must be enabled for scanning, but does not send alerts itself.
NEW QUESTION # 34
Which alerts do you see in the repository's Security tab? (Each answer presents part of the solution. Choose three.)
- A. Repository permissions
- B. Dependabot alerts
- C. Code scanning alerts
- D. Secret scanning alerts
- E. Security status alerts
Answer: B,C,D
Explanation:
In a repository'sSecuritytab, you can view:
* Secret scanning alerts: Exposed credentials or tokens
* Dependabot alerts: Vulnerable dependencies from the advisory database
* Code scanning alerts: Vulnerabilities in code detected via static analysis (e.g., CodeQL) Youwon't seegeneral "security status alerts" (not a formal category) or permission-related alerts here.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following Watch settings could you use to get Dependabot alert notifications? (Each answer presents part of the solution. Choose two.)
- A. The Participating and @mentions setting
- B. The All Activity setting
- C. The Custom setting
- D. The Ignore setting
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
To receive Dependabot alert notifications for a repository, you can utilize the following Watch settings:
Custom setting: Allows you to tailor your notifications, enabling you to subscribe specifically to security alerts, including those from Dependabot.
All Activity setting: Subscribes you to all notifications for the repository, encompassing issues, pull requests, and security alerts like those from Dependabot.
The Participating and @mentions setting limits notifications to conversations you're directly involved in or mentioned, which may not include security alerts. The Ignore setting unsubscribes you from all notifications, including critical security alerts.
GitHub Docs
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GitHub Docs
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NEW QUESTION # 36
What does a CodeQL database of your repository contain?
- A. A build of the code and extracted data
- B. A representation of all of the source code GitHub Agentic AI for AppSec Teams
- C. A build for Go projects to set up the project
- D. Build commands for C/C++, C#, and Java
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
A CodeQL database contains a representation of your codebase, including the build of the code and extracted data. This database is used to run CodeQL queries to analyze your code for potential vulnerabilities and errors.
GitHub Docs
NEW QUESTION # 37
When using CodeQL, what extension stores query suite definitions?
- A. .qls
- B. .qll
- C. .ql
- D. .yml
Answer: A
Explanation:
Query suite definitions in CodeQL are stored using the .qls file extension. A query suite defines a collection of queries to be run during an analysis and allows for grouping them based on categories like language, security relevance, or custom filters.
In contrast:
* .ql files are individual queries.
* .qll files are libraries used by .ql queries.
* .yml is used for workflows, not query suites.
NEW QUESTION # 38
You have enabled security updates for a repository. When does GitHub mark a Dependabot alert as resolved for that repository?
- A. When Dependabot creates a pull request to update dependencies
- B. When you dismiss the Dependabot alert
- C. When you merge a pull request that contains a security update
- D. When the pull request checks are successful
Answer: C
Explanation:
A Dependabot alert is marked asresolvedonly after the relatedpull request is mergedinto the repository. This indicates that the vulnerable dependency has been officially replaced with a secure version in the active codebase.
Simply generating a PR or passing checks does not change the alert status; merging is the key step.
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which CodeQL query suite provides queries of lower severity than the default query suite?
- A. github/codeql-go/ql/src@main
- B. security-extended
- C. github/codeql/cpp/ql/src@main
Answer: B
Explanation:
Thesecurity-extendedquery suite includes additional CodeQL queries that detectlower severity issuesthan those in the default security-and-quality suite.
It's often used when projects want broader visibility into code hygiene and potential weak spots beyond critical vulnerabilities.
The other options listed arepaths to language packs, not query suites themselves.
NEW QUESTION # 40
How would you build your code within the CodeQL analysis workflow? (Each answer presents a complete solution. Choose two.)
- A. Use CodeQL's init action.
- B. Upload compiled binaries.
- C. Ignore paths.
- D. Use CodeQL's autobuild action.
- E. Implement custom build steps.
- F. Use jobs.analyze.runs-on.
Answer: D,E
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
When setting up CodeQL analysis for compiled languages, there are two primary methods to buildyour code:
GitHub Docs
Autobuild: CodeQL attempts to automatically build your codebase using the most likely build method. This is suitable for standard build processes.
GitHub Docs
Custom Build Steps: For complex or non-standard build processes, you can implement custom build steps by specifying explicit build commands in your workflow. This provides greater control over the build process.
GitHub Docs
The init action initializes the CodeQL analysis but does not build the code. The jobs.analyze.runs-on specifies the operating system for the runner but is not directly related to building the code. Uploading compiled binaries is not a method supported by CodeQL for analysis.
NEW QUESTION # 41
When does Dependabot alert you of a vulnerability in your software development process?
- A. As soon as a pull request is opened by a contributor
- B. As soon as a vulnerable dependency is detected
- C. When a pull request adding a vulnerable dependency is opened
- D. When Dependabot opens a pull request to update a vulnerable dependency
Answer: B
Explanation:
Dependabot alerts are generated as soon as GitHub detects a known vulnerability in one of your dependencies. GitHub does this by analyzing your repository's dependency graph and matching it against vulnerabilities listed in the GitHub Advisory Database. Once a match is found, the system raises an alert automatically without waiting for a PR or manual action.
This allows organizations to proactively mitigate vulnerabilities as early as possible, based on real-time detection.
NEW QUESTION # 42
Who can fix a code scanning alert on a private repository?
- A. Users who have the security manager role within the repository
- B. Users who have Write access to the repository
- C. Users who have the Triage role within the repository
- D. Users who have Read permissions within the repository
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
In private repositories, users with write access can fix code scanning alerts. They can do this by committing changes that address the issues identified by the code scanning tools. This level of access ensures that only trusted contributors can modify the code to resolve potential security vulnerabilities.
GitHub Docs
Users with read or triage roles do not have the necessary permissions to make code changes, and the security manager role is primarily focused on managing security settings rather than directly modifying code.
NEW QUESTION # 43
You are a maintainer of a repository and Dependabot notifies you of a vulnerability. Where could the vulnerability have been disclosed? (Each answer presents part of the solution. Choose two.)
- A. In security advisories reported on GitHub
- B. In the National Vulnerability Database
- C. In the dependency graph
- D. In manifest and lock files
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Dependabot alerts are generated based on data from various sources:
National Vulnerability Database (NVD): A comprehensive repository of known vulnerabilities, which GitHub integrates into its advisory database.
GitHub Docs
Security Advisories Reported on GitHub: GitHub allows maintainers and security researchers to report and discuss vulnerabilities, which are then included in the advisory database.
The dependency graph and manifest/lock files are tools used by GitHub to determine which dependencies are present in a repository but are not sources of vulnerability disclosures themselves.
NEW QUESTION # 44
Which of the following statements most accurately describes push protection for secret scanning custom patterns?
- A. Push protection is an opt-in experience for each custom pattern.
- B. Push protection is not available for custom patterns.
- C. Push protection must be enabled for all, or none, of a repository's custom patterns.
- D. Push protection is enabled by default for new custom patterns.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
Push protection for secret scanning custom patterns is an opt-in feature. This means that for each custom pattern defined in a repository, maintainers can choose to enable or disable push protectionindividually. This provides flexibility, allowing teams to enforce push protection on sensitive patterns while leaving it disabled for others.
NEW QUESTION # 45
What is the first step you should take to fix an alert in secret scanning?
- A. Revoke the alert if the secret is still valid.
- B. Archive the repository.
- C. Remove the secret in a commit to the main branch.
- D. Update your dependencies.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Thefirst stepwhen you receive a secret scanning alert is torevoke the secretif it is still valid. This ensures the secret can no longer be used maliciously. Only after revoking it should you proceed to remove it from the code history and apply other mitigation steps.
Simply deleting the secret from the code doesnotremove the risk if it hasn't been revoked - especially since it may already be exposed in commit history.
NEW QUESTION # 46
In the pull request, how can developers avoid adding new dependencies with known vulnerabilities?
- A. Add a workflow with the dependency review action.
- B. Enable Dependabot security updates.
- C. Add Dependabot rules.
- D. Enable Dependabot alerts.
Answer: A
Explanation:
To detect and blockvulnerable dependencies before merge, developers should use theDependency Review GitHub Actionin their pull request workflows. It scans all proposed dependency changes and flags any packages with known vulnerabilities.
This is apreventative measureduring development, unlike Dependabot, which reactsafter the fact.
NEW QUESTION # 47
Which of the following is the best way to prevent developers from adding secrets to the repository?
- A. Enable push protection
- B. Create a CODEOWNERS file
- C. Configure a security manager
- D. Make the repository public
Answer: A
Explanation:
The best proactive control ispush protection. It scans for secretsduring a git pushand blocks the commit beforeit enters the repository.
Other options (like CODEOWNERS or security managers) help with oversight but do not prevent secret leaks.
Making a repo public would increase the risk, not reduce it.
NEW QUESTION # 48
After investigating a code scanning alert related to injection, you determine that the input is properly sanitized using custom logic. What should be your next step?
- A. Draft a pull request to update the open-source query.
- B. Open an issue in the CodeQL repository.
- C. Ignore the alert.
- D. Dismiss the alert with the reason "false positive."
Answer: D
Explanation:
When you identify that a code scanning alert is a false positive-such as when your code uses a custom sanitization method not recognized by the analysis-you should dismiss the alert with the reason "false positive." This action helps improve the accuracy of future analyses and maintains the relevance of your security alerts.
As per GitHub's documentation:
"If you dismiss a CodeQL alert as a false positive result, for example because the code uses a sanitization library that isn't supported, consider contributing to the CodeQL repository and improving the analysis." By dismissing the alert appropriately, you ensure that your codebase's security alerts remain actionable and relevant.
NEW QUESTION # 49
When secret scanning detects a set of credentials on a public repository, what does GitHub do?
- A. It sends a notification to repository members.
- B. It scans the contents of the commits for additional secrets.
- C. It displays a public alert in the Security tab of the repository.
- D. It notifies the service provider who issued the secret.
Answer: D
Explanation:
When apublic repositorycontains credentials that match known secret formats, GitHub willautomatically notify the service providerthat issued the secret. This process is known as"secret scanning partner notification". The provider may then revoke the secret or contact the userdirectly.
GitHub doesnotpublicly display the alert and does not send internal repository notifications for public detections.
NEW QUESTION # 50
If notification and alert recipients are not customized, which users receive notifications about new Dependabot alerts in an affected repository?
- A. Users with Read permissions to the repository
- B. Users with Maintain privileges to the repository
- C. Users with Admin privileges to the repository
- D. Users with Write permissions to the repository
Answer: D
Explanation:
By default,users with Write, Maintain, or Admin permissionswill receive notifications for new Dependabot alerts. However,Write permissionis theminimum levelneeded to be automatically notified.
Users with only Read access do not receive alerts unless added explicitly.
NEW QUESTION # 51
Which Dependabot configuration fields are required? (Each answer presents part of the solution. Choose three.)
- A. directory
- B. schedule.interval
- C. package-ecosystem
- D. milestone
- E. allow
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
When configuring Dependabot via the dependabot.yml file, the following fields are mandatory for each update configuration:
directory: Specifies the location of the package manifest within the repository. This tellsDependabot where to look for dependency files.
package-ecosystem: Indicates the type of package manager (e.g., npm, pip, maven) used in the specified directory.
schedule.interval: Defines how frequently Dependabot checks for updates (e.g., daily, weekly). This ensures regular scanning for outdated or vulnerable dependencies.
The milestone field is optional and used for associating pull requests with milestones. The allow field is also optional and used to specify which dependencies to update.
GitLab
NEW QUESTION # 52
As a repository owner, you want to receive specific notifications, including security alerts, for an individual repository. Which repository notification setting should you use?
- A. Custom
- B. Ignore
- C. All Activity
- D. Participating and @mentions
Answer: A
Explanation:
Using theCustomsetting allows you to subscribe to specific event types, such as Dependabot alerts or vulnerability notifications, without being overwhelmed by all repository activity. This is essential for repository maintainers who need fine-grained control over what kinds of events trigger notifications.
This setting is configurable per repository and allows users to stay aware of critical issues while minimizing notification noise.
NEW QUESTION # 53
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